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Hydro-chemo-mechanical (HCM) couplings within mucoid tissues (such as hyaline cartilage , bladder, stomach tissues...) are essential to bond micro- and macro-scale and explain interactions in between cell behavior and effective tissue response. In fact, mastering such couplings is a key element to understand biological tissues’ complex synergy and propose predictive tools on their bioactivity wherein local hydro mechanical and chemical states play a major role. Ever since, once applied to biological tissues, biomechanical modelings fail to explain the inter-location and inter-donor variability even though tissue compositions are similar. Biological tissues are complex materials due to their multiphysics but also bioactivities related to a memory through growth and remodeling. Large experimental data collections are consequently required to be able to set a sound numerical model with optimized parameters generating predictive simulations to improve mucoid tissue’s behavior insights and extend it to clinical applications. Therefore, HyCareMat’s main objective is to build a crosstalk between experiments, numerical simulations and modeling to investigate and predict HCM couplings in soft biological tissues, with a focus on mucoid matrices. As a first step, it requires a well known tunable biological material model to feed inverse method procedure and validate virtues of the ensued predictive tools. With respect to recent work of the HyCareMat consortium, Wharton’s Jelly (WJ) appears to be a suitable and tunable material exhibiting HCM interactions. Representing a valuable opportunity for the development of biological scaffolds, as they can be easily achieved both from a technical and an ethical point of view, WJ was extensively investigated by biologists but poorly by biomechanicists. As a second objective, the WJ and WJ-derived materials will be deeply investigated to master their HCM behavior and produce predictive numerical tools. Finally, switching from the passive biomechanical characterizations of the two previous objectives, the third objective focuses on the impact of bioactivity on the HCM behavior of this promising material by monitoring tissular integration and host’s biological response. Therefore, a murine animal model will be set to collect in vivo data on implanted WJ structures. This ultimate step will validate our tools to select the best WJ-derived material for medical applications based on biomechanical characteristics, pushing towards human applications. The main hypothesis consists to consider couplings between solid and fluid phases, as well the chemical components of both, more precisely GAGs combined to collagen and electrically charged physiological fluid ions. The fluid structure interaction will be modeled as a homogenized continuous medium within the framework of poro or hydro mechanics while the chemo-mechanical coupling will be generated by chemical potential balance through osmosis. Based on preliminary results, it is considered that tuning cross links and GAGs content, on geometrically controlled structures, is sufficient to modulate interaction phenomena. Finally, combining multimodal imaging techniques while performing HCM loads and monitoring animal’s response to material integration is expected to provide enough data in order to build predictive tools. Combining interdisciplinary resources of 4 partners, HyCareMat aims throughout 5 work packages to build and validate a HCM predictive tool to gain a deeper comprehension of mucoid matrices (i.e. loose biological matrices). In the same time, it will extend the current knowledge on the WJ, a promising waste of human tissue, used as exemplary material. Ultimately, the project will allow enhancing WJ multiphysical response for medical applications. Therefore, its technical readiness level is in between 1 and 3 but it could reach the level 4 depending on the forthcoming achievements.
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