The following project deals with fundamental research in the field of musicology. It aims to study a piece of the history of music teaching in 19th century France (1795-1914), focusing on the Conservatoire national de musique, founded in 1795. It intends to demonstrate, through the study of this school and its comparison with other contemporary teaching institutions, how its foundation had a significant impact on the hole musical French life, through the elaboration of technical and aesthetical norms which gave a new form to musical practice – wether in public concert, performance or composition. A new category of musicians corresponds to this new musical life, the statute of the professional musician and of the amateur moving then away permanently from each other. The research tools this project intends to elaborate (a prosopographical database of the Conservatoire students – winners or not -, digitization and online edition of the pedagogical Methods of the Conservatoire, edition of a “Guide to sources for the history of music teaching in 19th Century France”) concern the operation of the Conservatoire, beginning with the paths and carriers of its students, the content of its teaching, the repertory it raised and which fed its pedagogy. The scientific use of these tools will be done in two directions: the main one (the study of the in-house operation of the Conservatoire) will be the base to the second, developed in the seminar and conferences – the comparison between the Conservatoire and other contemporary teaching institutions. The archives of the Conservatoire national and the library constituted during the 19th Century, attached to the Bibliothèque nationale as soon as 1935, are held and inventoried in two public institutions – Archives nationales and Bibliothèque nationale de France – which put those collections at the disposal of the researchers and allow the elaboration of the tools requisite for this project. The case of the Conservatoire, this public institution, will be used as a point of reference to elaborate a thought on music teaching in 19th Century France. Issued by the team « Savoirs et pratiques du Moyen Âge au XIXe siècle » - EA 4116 SAPRAT from the Ecole pratique des Hautes Etudes (IVe section, Section des sciences historiques et philologiques), this project gathers 4 partners : EPHE, Bibliothèque nationale de France (département de la Musique/IRPMF/UMR 200) which holds the patrimonial collection of the Conservatoire library ; the Archives nationales, holder of the Conservatoire administrative archives ; the Conservatoire national supérieur de musique et de danse de Paris.