An interconnected city grid of sensors, such as of cameras or environmental sensors, offers a wealth of actionable Big Data. In addition to better managing traffic and public transit, as well as controlling pollution, they can be used for enhanced policing, crowd control, and even public sentiment monitoring. However, such smart systems increase the risk of unethical use of personal data, and increase the attack surface of a city as multiple interconnected IT systems control key infrastructures such as transport, energy, water distribution, etc. To address the growing security and ethical threats on smart cities, the project will develop an integrated toolkit that covers the complete physical and cybersecurity value chain (detection, simulation & analysis, intervention). The project will enhance the resilience of cities in the face of security events in public spaces, by addressing three main aspects of urban security in smart cities: • Technologies: integrating and developing the tools and processes underlying the capacity of cities to manage both physical security and cyber security, leveraging the power of IoT, Artificial Intelligence and Big Data analysis • Ethics: ensuring smart city capabilities are developed for the benefit of society, balancing potentially conflicting needs to collect, transform and share large amounts of data with the protection of data privacy • Processes: delivering a multi-tenant solution fully aligned with the operational needs of multiple city stakeholders (e.g. police, first responders, municipalities) supported by a framework gathering deployment guidelines and best practices The consortium includes 17 partners from 11 different EU Member States and Associated Countries, including 2 local government authorities (City of Padova and City of Oslo) that will lead the field trial implementations. The project will also be supported by a Community of Safe and Secure Cities (COSSEC) gathering other cities to provide feedback.

BalticSeaH2 will establish the first, largescale interregional hydrogen valley in Europe. BalticSeaH2 will build a main cross-border Hydrogen Valley between Finland and Estonia and connects it with local valleys in different countries surrounding the Baltic Sea. The ultimate goal is to develop an international hydrogen economy and markets that work optimally both from the technical, economic and environmental perspectives across country borders in the Northern Europe, more specifically around the Baltic Sea. The project will develop, scale and demonstrate hydrogen use in production, storage and distribution, and in Use Cases in different sectors from industry, mobility and energy. The learnings from the cross-border build-up of a hydrogen economy will be shared with specifically identified Connected Valleys and replicated across borders between them, but furthermore, shared to boost replication and initiate new hydrogen valleys across Europe. The cross border Main Valley is to be located in the region of Southern Finland – Estonia. These regions are already connected with a natural gas pipeline, transmission cable and maritime operations and the Transmission System Operators (TSO) in both countries collaborate actively in the further development of the cross border infrastructures. The cross border nature of the Main Valley makes is possible to develop cross border markets and businesses for green hydrogen production, transport and use from the start, including also development of cross border neighbouring pricing zones for renewable electricity to reach optimized system, market and business designs for an efficient hydrogen economy.