THyGA main goal is to enable the wide adoption of hydrogen and natural gas (H2/NG) blends by closing knowledge gaps regarding technical impacts on residential and commercial gas appliances. For this purpose, THyGA will: •Screen the portfolio of technologies in the domestic and commercial sectors and assess theoretically the impact of hydrogen / natural gas admixture in order to have a quantitative segmentation of the gas appliance market and a selection of the most adequate products to be tested •Test up to 100 residential and commercial gas appliances (hobs, boilers, CHP, Heat pumps, etc.) and how 200 Million of European gas appliances will react to various H2 concentration scenarios •Benchmark and develop pre-certification protocols (test gases) for different level of H2 in natural gas for coming integration in standardization, these protocols will be validated through tests •Make recommendations for manufacturers, decision makers and end-users along the gas value chain to enable mitigation strategies for retrofit THyGA will provide an extensive understanding of previous projects or studies related to H2NG admixture utilization with domestic and commercial appliances. Through extensive testing programme, the project will establish the impact of hydrogen concentration in natural gas on safety and performances of a large set of domestic and commercial appliances. Hence, THyGA will support recommendations for revising EN or ISO standards or drafting new standards and will fully support and secure FCH-JU’s “Hydrogen Roadmap Europe” (2019). THyGA project gathers 9 renowned partners including 4 research centres, 3 industries, 1 SME, and 1 association covering the whole value chain of natural gas. The extensive advisory panel includes manufacturers, European and International Associations and DSOs included in H2/NG blends projects ensuring a constant challenge of the processed results and a great opportunity for a wide dissemination/communication plan to share results.

The H2AL consortium aims to address the challenges of adopting hydrogen (H2) in hard-to-abate industries (HTAIs) through a hybrid approach using digital tools and state-of-the-art experimental techniques. The consortium will develop an integrated H2 burner and support system for a heating furnace in an HTAI, specifically the aluminium scrap recycling industry. The project will investigate the impact of H2 combustion on the furnace structure and product quality while minimizing emissions. H2AL will apply Oxyfuel combustion of H2 as combustion technology, which will be combined with low-NOx combustion techniques, most likely the flameless/MILD combustion mode. This approach will allow us to benefit from the main advantages from oxyfuel combustion while minimizing its emissions (particularly NOx). The impact of H2 combustion on the refractory materials, overall furnace structure and product quality (aluminium) will also be investigated and measures to minimize its impacts will be implemented. To ensure widespread replication and exploitation of the technology, the consortium will perform techno-economic modeling, develop guidelines for technology integration, analyze geographic information, and develop new business models. The consortium comprises 10 partners from four countries, including 4 research organizations, 5 industrial partners, and an industry association, and includes an end-user association representing the aluminium sector in Europe. The H2AL project seeks to achieve TRL7 by running a full-scale demonstration for more than six months, with at least one trial of 100h at 100% H2 and with a thermal output of at more than 2 MWth.

This proposal is an application to the EU programme “Horizon 2020” and its topic “Large scale energy storage” (LCE-09-2015). The presented project “STORE&GO” will demonstrate three “innovative Power to Gas storage concepts” at locations in Germany, Switzerland and Italy in order to overcome technical, economic, social and legal barriers. The demonstration will pave the way for an integration of PtG storage into flexible energy supply and distribution systems with a high share of renewable energy. Using methanation processes as bridging technologies, it will demonstrate and investigate in which way these innovative PtG concepts will be able to solve the main problems of renewable energies: fluctuating production of renewable energies; consideration of renewables as suboptimal power grid infrastructure; expensive; missing storage solutions for renewable power at the local, national and European level. At the same time PtG concepts will contribute in maintaining natural gas or SNG with an existing huge European infrastructure and an already advantageous and continuously improving environmental footprint as an important primary/secondary energy carrier, which is nowadays in doubt due to geo-political reasons/conflicts. So, STORE&GO will show that new PtG concepts can bridge the gaps associated with renewable energies and security of energy supply. STORE&GO will rise the acceptance in the public for renewable energy technologies in the demonstration of bridging technologies at three “living” best practice locations in Europe.