The concept of Interoperability Framework (IF) is at the core of the Shift2Rail Innovation Programme (IP) 4, and it is the key concept for facilitating a seamless travel experience for users across borders and modes. The IF enables the technical interoperability of heterogeneous, multimodal transport-related services by relieving applications from the task of locating, harmonizing and understanding multiple and independent data and event sources, services, etc. A series of past and ongoing projects related to Shift2Rail IP4 (IT2Rail, ST4RT, GOF4R, CONNECTIVE) have developed and are refining and extending a set of core concepts and technologies that are part of the IF. The Semantics for PerfoRmant and scalable INteroperability of multimodal Transport (SPRINT) project will improve key aspects of the Shift2Rail IF to bring the market uptake of the multimodal transport ecosystem envisioned by IP4 closer to reality. In particular, the project will address the following specific challenges posed by the objectives of TD4.1 objectives and explicitly addressed by the S2R-OC-IP4-01-2018 call: • Improve IF performance and scalability to sustain a large deployment. • Simplify/automate all the necessary steps needed to integrate new services and sub-systems in the IP4 ecosystem. To this end, the project will: • Define a reference architecture for the Shift2Rail IF, which will take into account recent advances in the design and development of distributed systems, and in particular of cloud-based ones. • Define techniques facilitating – in particular by increasing their level of automation –activities that are central to the concept of IF, such as the collaborative creation and management of ontologies and of semantic-based mappings between heterogeneous data representations. • Demonstrate the proposed improvements to the IF through a proof-of-concept implementation that will reach at least TRL 4.

CHARIOT will provide a design method and cognitive computing platform supporting a unified approach towards Privacy, Security and Safety (PSS) of IoT Systems including the following innovations: • A Privacy and security protection method building on state of the art Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) technologies to enable the coupling of a pre-programmed private key deployed to IoT devices with a corresponding private key on Blockchain system. • A Blockchain ledger in which categories of IoT physical, operational and functional changes are both recorded and affirmed/approved by a combination of a cognitive engine and private key hashing between the cognitive engine and IoT devices to authorise change and, likewise, invalidating any and all other changes be they malicious or otherwise. • A fog-based decentralised infrastructure for Firmware Security integrity checking that leverages a Blockchain ledger to enhance physical, operational and functional security of IoT systems, including actuation and deactivation. • An accompanying IoT Safety Supervision Engine providing a novel solution to the challenges of securing IoT data, devices and functionality in new and existing industry-specific safety critical systems. • A Cognitive System and Method with accompanying supervision, analytics and prediction models enabling high security and integrity of Industrials IoT. • New methods and tools for static code analysis of IoT devices, resulting in more efficient secure and safer IoT software development and V&V. Three Living Labs will demonstrate realistic and compelling heterogeneous solutions through industry reference implementations at representative scale, with the underlying goal of demonstrating that Secure, Privacy Mediated and Safety IoT imperatives are collectively met, in turn delivering a key stepping stone to the EU’s roadmap for the next generation IoT platforms and services.

RIDE2RAIL aims to integrate multiple (public/private/social) data sets and sources and existing transport platforms to promote an effective Ride Sharing practice of citizens, making it a complementary transport mode that extends public transport and rail networks. The RIDE2RAIL framework for intelligent mobility will integrate and harmonise real-time and diverse information about rail, public transport, ride-sharing and crowdsourcing in a social ecosystem, which will allow users to compare and choose between multiple options/services classified by a set of criteria – including environmental impact, travel time, comfort, cost – according to their preferences; this will make the travel experience both more positive for individual users, and globally more sustainable. This framework, consisting in a combined suite of travel offer classifications and software components, will be natively integrated into existing collective and on-demand transport services, connecting and reinforcing mobility offers, especially in rural and low-demand areas, in order to promote the access to high-capacity services (rail, bus and other public transport services), thanks to easy-to-use multimodal and integrated travel planning, booking and payment features. RIDE2RAIL will design, develop and test in real demonstrators a set of software components for the IP4 ecosystem, including advanced Travel Companion features and a crowd-based Transport Service Provider, which will foster the combination of flexible and regular multimodal mobility through an easy personalisation in diverse existing environments, thus facilitating the market uptake. RIDE2RAIL will deliver a set of validated proof of concepts and business cases envisaging future mobility scenarios, where advanced transport solutions will be seamlessly integrated into existing collective transport services (rail and others) in four (4) diverse cities in Europe: Padua, Athens, Brno and Helsinki.

The long-term vision of the ORCHESTRA is a future where it is easy to coordinate and synchronise the traffic management of all modes to cope with diverse demands and situations. Also, to facilitate optimal utilisation of transport networks and efficient multimodal transport services, both in rural and urban areas. The project will: * Establish a common understanding of multimodal traffic management concepts and solutions, within and across different modes, for various stakeholders and multiple contexts * Define a Multimodal Traffic Management Ecosystem (MTME) where traffic managements in different modes and areas (rural and urban) are coordinated to contribute to a more balanced and resilient transport system, bridging current barriers and silos * Support MTME realisation and deployments, through the provision of tools, models, and guidelines - including support for connected and automated vehicles and vessels (CAVs) * Validate and adjust MTME for organisational issues, functionality, capability, and usability * Maximise outreach and uptake of project results through strong stakeholder involvement The project will provide a Polycentric Multimodal Architecture (PMA) that specify how diverse system components collaborate and interact, taking into account smart infrastructures, technical and organisational aspects and polycentric governance. The PMA will be supported by: 1) Enabling toolkit, 2) Deployment toolkit, 3) Documented lessons learned. The project will validate the PMA and related tools and toolkits in two Living labs (in Norway and Italy), collectively covering both road, rail, water, and air transport. The Italian Living lab is focusing on traffic orchestration for the mobility of people, while the Norwegian Living lab is focusing on traffic orchestration for freight. The Living labs will be supported by simulations to enhance evaluations.

The main goal of EU-CIP is to establish a novel pan European knowledge network for Resilient Infrastructures, which will enable policy makers to shape and produce data-driven evidence-based policies, while boosting the innovation capacity of Critical Infrastructures (CI) operators, authorities, and innovators (including SMEs). In this direction, the partners have already established the European Cluster for Securing Critical infrastructures (ECSCI), which brings together 22 projects that collaborate in CI Resilience. EU-CIP will leverage the capacity, organization, community, and achievements of the ECSCI cluster towards establishing an EU-wide knowledge network with advanced analytical and innovation support capabilities. The project’s analytics capabilities will fulfil the reporting requirements listed in the call in terms of the number and the (semestrial) frequency of the reports. To facilitate information collection and analysis, the project will establish a FAIR data observatory of research projects, research outcomes, technologies, standards, and policies. Along with analytical capabilities for evidence based policies, the project will organize and offer a rich set of innovation support services to EU projects and other innovators in CI security and resilience. These services will include training, support in business planning and access to finance, as well as support in the validation, standardization, and certification of novel solutions. The projects outcomes will be integrated and made available through a Knowledge Hub, which will provide a singly entry point to the EU-CIP results. EU-CIP will build a vibrant ecosystem of over 1000 stakeholders around this knowledge-hub. To animate and grow the project’s community, EU-CIP will execute an ambitious set of dissemination activities, including the establishment and organization of an annual conference on Critical Infrastructures Resilience, which will become a flagship event for critical infrastructures.