Hydrogen embrittlement (HE) of metallic materials is one of the main challenges for the adoption of green H2 as a clean fuel. Degradation of pipelines and vessels is nowadays avoided by conservative design and material selection, but novel mitigation strategies for hydrogen embrittlement will foster cost-effective technologies. I envisage an Additive Manufacturing strategy to tune hydrogen diffusion as an effective and novel method to mitigate or even supress HE. The success of this framework requires the reconsideration of modelling and experimental techniques to characterise hydrogen transport and embrittlement in metals. My background on computational mechanics, hydrogen diffusion simulation and Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) will guide the approach whereas the methodology will be enriched by innovative phase tailoring strategies and advanced computational and optimisation procedures. Tailoring hydrogen diffusion in steels will be accomplished by exploiting the enormous difference in diffusivity between fcc and bcc iron phases. Duplex Stainless Steels (DSS) that combine austenite (fcc) and ferrite (bcc) phases are thus considered as a first option to tune diffusion paths. Additionally, localized nitrogen evaporation to directly control fcc or bcc formation during micro-LPBF of High Nitrogen Steels (HNS) will be achieved by local variation of laser parameters. The main goal is to protect critical regions and therefore to supress hydrogen-assisted cracking. To produce shielding effects around stress concentrators, bcc/fcc “helmets” will be optimised by coupled modelling frameworks including hydrogen transport and fracture. Trapping and multiphase diffusion will be assessed by novel modelling procedures from thermal desorption and permeation experimental results. Finally, the effectiveness of the optimised tailored helmets will be evaluated by in-situ testing in gaseous H2, paving the way for resistant components to transport and store high-pressure hydrogen.

In a highly specialized and technologized the world, a critical and competent citizenship is needed more than ever; at least, a basic techno-scientific knowledge is required for understanding the scientific practice and the technological processes and devices around us. In addition, critical thinking, collaborative work and active citizenship are being identified as key objectives by the European Commission. Although experts well recognize these needs, latest reports have emphasized the lack of integration of these competencies in education curricula, specifically with respect to the scientific and technological fields. A holistic response is required from the educational system, where the complexity of combining the different aspects and skills necessitates an understanding of the integration of STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics) areas in international education systems. MASTED aims to empower educational professionals to introduce this approach in all levels of formal and informal education, since kindergarten. This Master aims to bring together experts from different European Universities to provide comprehensive understanding of STEAM issues and pedagogies, aspects that are to change the educational systems in the desired direction. In a few words, MASTED is designed to change educational systems by means of the qualification of education professionals, capable to train citizens through integrated approaches, for facing and solving global challenges with holistic and innovative perspectives. MASTED will lead to a joint degree of 120 ECTS (allowing to access to doctoral studies) and one single diploma will be awarded by each of the participating HEIs from the 4 countries (Spain, Sweden, Malta and Brazil). From the point of view of organization, MASTED will have a strong practical component, and students will have the possibility of doing internships in formal and non-formal educational institutions, different from their countries.

Transatlantic contact during the 1400’s ignited a series of socio-economic, political, demographic and biocultural changes that irreversibly transformed the course of history in the Americas with repercussions across the world. But one of the most influential encounters occurred in 1519 between the Mexica empire and the Spanish and African troops of Hernán Cortes in the basin of today´s Mexico. The transformational consequences were unparalleled at the time, but equally consequential is the way that the so-called conquest of Mexico has been portrayed over the last five centuries, influencing how the populations involved in this iconic event have perceived themselves and their societies overtime. Of particular significance is the process of mestizaje (admixture) and its conceptualisation. Admixture is a common biological phenomenon in human history, but the perception of mestizaje in the context of this event is far more complex than a mere biological procedure, it is a complex biocultural process shaped by fluctuating social, cultural, biological and historic circumstantial events. The recently commemorated quincentennial anniversary of this event and the debates surrounding it highlighted that the underlying biocultural forces driving mestizaje leading to the present-day population diversity of Mexico remain contested. AdMEXture will explore historical biological effects of social inequalities with particular emphasis on sex bias and differential reproduction patterns, in the survival and distribution of diversity. By generating serial multisource osteobiographies based on the latest experimental and analytical bioarcheological techniques, AdMEXture will deliver crucial data to be incorporated in state-of-the-art historic debates. These individual microhistories will provide examples of real participants in this process, contributing to a more inclusive and representative history.