Even if the proposed technologies could be adapted to other domains, the ALARMS project addresses the growing need in surveillance of maritime borders by controlling and managing almost instantaneously and accurately all trade shipping, by monitoring the illicit trafficking, the terrorism operations, the clandestine immigration and the theft of resources, with the humanity and the objectivity imposed by the rules of European democracies. It is fully in line 3.9.4 "Border security" of the 2014 generic call for projects of the ANR. The ALARMS project deals with industrial researches lasting 24 months and is based on a public -private partnership. It is a technology demonstration of 2D/3D-laser sensors and highly innovative image processing on active and passive optronic cameras in order to reach “high resolution” at a long range. All of the devices have being integrated into multi-sensor (optronic and radar) platforms used in coastal surveillance system. The ALARMS project addresses the maintenance of observation and identification of long distances (typically 2 nautical, about 4 km) in degraded weather conditions and responds to the challenge of observation under grazing incidences on the sea with optronic sensors. First, the ALARMS project proposes quantitative assessments on the overall system performance of the respective contributions (standalone, coupled) of new laser sensors and innovative image processing methods, and secondly, aims to demonstrate the feasibility of integrating/coupling them into a system of optical-radar multi-sensors. The evaluation of these objectives is realized by an operational proof of concept and a validation of the performances by measurements performed on coastal sites with realistic awareness situations. The extrapolation of these performances on more complex or non-played scenarios will be achieved by benchmarked simulations. The ALARMS project is supported by a multidisciplinary team of balanced ways between industrial partners (2 SMEs) and 2 research laboratories: - Onera coordinates the project and is involved in the 2D/3D-laser platform (prototyping and signal processing). It manages all the modeling of all the optronic sensors. Onera supplies all ground truth tools for the tests and develops the image processing and multi-sensor fusion methods to be included in the platform. - EXAVISION (SMEs) provides the other optronic (including a 2D-flash-Laser SWIR camera and a thermal camera with high performances) and radar sensors. Exavision is in charge of the integration (e.g. turret) and ensures the development of detection and automatic target tracking products. - ISSM (SMEs) provides its expertise in the fields of maritime surveillance and security. It is in charge of the relation with the advisory committee comprising the French and European end-users. ISSM will have an upstream role (expression and specification of needs, definition of demonstration/validation phases) given its knowledge of the market but also bottom up actions (e.g. preparation of demonstration tests with end-users, future marketing on behalf of the consortium concept with large industrial players in the domain). - The ICP will make a detailed study of all the rules and national, European and international requirements to be met to ensure the compliance of the new device with the laws and rules of safety, security and respect for privacy in the maritime area. A committee of end-users will be involved at the beginning of the project and will participate in various phases. Their participation in other projects dealing with the maritime surveillance will offer us an expanded vision of operational needs and market prospects.

After a gunshot on a crime scene, gunshot residues are projected on the target, and a distinct pattern around the bullet entrance hole may be observed by the police forensic . A careful analysis of this pattern is often carried in order to determine the position and the angle of the firearm. The police can also draw some conclusions about the nature of the firearm. This is a key element for the police investigation and future Justice decision. The gunshot residue pattern only can be observed on white targets. As a result, ballistic analysis can not be carried if the clothes of the victim are dark. The main goal of Syllabes project is to develop a new imaging device able to reveal gunshot residue patterns on every kind of clothes. This will be very helpful for the police in France and abroad. This project will also study the legal benefits of such a imaging device, as the Justice will be more confident about the gunshot residues pattern analysis. This visualization will be based on multispectral active imaging system. The idea is to illuminate the sample with a bunch of well determined wavelengths, and to realize the image of the sample with a broadband camera. One of the key element of the project is the determination of these wavelengths, in order to develop a device able to reveal the gunshot residues pattern on any kind of targets. This will be done by carrying a careful analysis of different representative samples, using a hyperspectral imaging system.This visualization process should be non intrusive, reliable ( low false alarm rate), fast and reproducible, whatever the illumination condition might be. The imaging device should be handy, easy to carry, useable in the lab and on a crime scene . INPS scientists will present their needs in ballistic imaging, describe the situation where the modern techniques are not successful and will realize representatives samples using different firearms, kind of tissues …:Criminology institute of Paris II will carry a careful analysis of the juridical impact of such a device: how can the judge can consider the ballistic expertise as a real proof, with and without the help of Syllabes device. Onera will realize hyperspectral images of the samples given by INPS, and perform further measurements and analyses in order to optimize the specification of Syllabes device. Onera will conduct an hyperspectral imaging analysis in order to select the appropriate wavelengths.Based on previous results, Exavision, a French SME will specify and develop the Syllabes device. The main challenge will be to identify and find the appropriate laser and detector to reach the required performances and to satisfy the needs of an ergonomic design. INPS will validate the concept and evaluate the operational improvements allowed by such a device. Onera will carry a complementary study in order to evaluate the capability of such a system to characterize a crime scene globally and to visualize gunshot residues and other interesting residues (drugs, biological traces… ) . Syllabes, a 28 months duration project, is a well-balanced and complementary consortium, gathering a dynamic and versed SME, a well-known and highly skilled research institutes for legal and scientific research and improvements and a deeply involved end-user which will bring its requirements and be able to orient and validate the research development.

Today, many crimes or offences are resolved by the police using Science and Forensic expertise has benefited from significant technological advances. However, it remains a real need to provide forensic services with innovative tools that could be used to improve a quick and remote detection of multiple markers or clues (papillary, biological, chemical, organic ) avoiding intrusions in the crime scene that could interfere with the proceedings. While the complexity of detection is increasing by the multitude of clues, it is also made more and more difficult by the nature of the scene (e.g. measuring outdoor or analysis of an indoor scene that was "contaminated or cleaned" by the perpetrators). Today, in support of protocols and their experiences, the forensic experts have tools to detect these markers, which are often separated (one by an average trace) and are limited by the remote detection of complex cases mentioned above. A unique tool able to provide an improved detection could offer operational gains to criminologist and forensic service and limit the loss of useful clues. The Sherloc project includes two referents forensic services in France and offers an innovative approach based on 3D and hyperspectral laser imaging combined with image processing. It will provide a practical solution offering remote detection (possibly classification) and localization of clues in many scenes of crime. This project involves Onera for the development of the system and image processing methods with EXAVISION, an SME, for the operational design of the demonstrator and the Institute of Crime in Paris to study the impact on the constitution of the evidence. This project will provide to the French forensic services fully involved, a demonstrator corresponding for their needs and expectations, through an Industrial Research.