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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2023Publisher:MDPI AG Funded by:EC | ICARUSEC| ICARUSRok Novak; Johanna Amalia Robinson; Tjaša Kanduč; Dimosthenis Sarigiannis; Sašo Džeroski; David Kocman;doi: 10.3390/s23249890
Participatory exposure research, which tracks behaviour and assesses exposure to stressors like air pollution, traditionally relies on time-activity diaries. This study introduces a novel approach, employing machine learning (ML) to empower laypersons in human activity recognition (HAR), aiming to reduce dependence on manual recording by leveraging data from wearable sensors. Recognising complex activities such as smoking and cooking presents unique challenges due to specific environmental conditions. In this research, we combined wearable environment/ambient and wrist-worn activity/biometric sensors for complex activity recognition in an urban stressor exposure study, measuring parameters like particulate matter concentrations, temperature, and humidity. Two groups, Group H (88 individuals) and Group M (18 individuals), wore the devices and manually logged their activities hourly and minutely, respectively. Prioritising accessibility and inclusivity, we selected three classification algorithms: k-nearest neighbours (IBk), decision trees (J48), and random forests (RF), based on: (1) proven efficacy in existing literature, (2) understandability and transparency for laypersons, (3) availability on user-friendly platforms like WEKA, and (4) efficiency on basic devices such as office laptops or smartphones. Accuracy improved with finer temporal resolution and detailed activity categories. However, when compared to other published human activity recognition research, our accuracy rates, particularly for less complex activities, were not as competitive. Misclassifications were higher for vague activities (resting, playing), while well-defined activities (smoking, cooking, running) had few errors. Including environmental sensor data increased accuracy for all activities, especially playing, smoking, and running. Future work should consider exploring other explainable algorithms available on diverse tools and platforms. Our findings underscore ML’s potential in exposure studies, emphasising its adaptability and significance for laypersons while also highlighting areas for improvement.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/s23249890&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/s23249890&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2023 Netherlands, Italy, Netherlands, United Kingdom, Netherlands, NetherlandsPublisher:Elsevier BV Funded by:EC | ESMERALDA, EC | MAIAEC| ESMERALDA ,EC| MAIAGrammatikopoulou, I.; Badura, T.; Johnston, R.J.; Barton, D.N.; Ferrini, S.; Schaafsma, M.; La Notte, A.;Ecosystem accounting is a statistical framework that aims to track the state of ecosystems and ecosystem services, with periodic updates. This framework follows the statistical standard of the System of Environmental Economic Accounting Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA EA). SEEA EA is composed of physical ecosystem extent, condition and ecosystem service supply-use accounts and monetary ecosystem service and asset accounts. This paper focuses on the potential use of the “Value Transfer” (VT) valuation method to produce the monetary ecosystem service accounts, taking advantage of experience with rigorous benefit transfer methods that have been developed and tested over many years in environmental economics. Although benefit transfer methods have been developed primarily for welfare analysis, the underlying techniques and advantages are directly applicable to monetary exchange values required for ecosystem accounting. The compilation of regular accounts is about to become a key area of work for the National Statistical Offices worldwide as well as for the EU Member States in particular, due to the anticipated amendment to regulation on European environmental economic accounts introducing ecosystem accounts. On this basis, accounting practitioners have voiced their concerns in a global consultation during SEEA EA revision, about three issues in particular: the lack of resources, the need for guidelines and the challenge of periodically updating the accounts. We argue that VT can facilitate empirical applications that assess ecosystem services in monetary terms, especially at national scales and in situations with limited expertise and resources available. VT is a low-cost valuation approach in line with SEEA EA requirements able to provide periodic, rigorous and consistent estimates for use in accounts. While some methodological challenges remain, it is likely that VT can help to implement SEEA EA at scale and in time to respond to the pressing need to incorporate nature into mainstream decision-making processes.
e-Prints Soton arrow_drop_down Journal of Environmental Management; Usiena air - Università di SienaArticle . 2023 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116784&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 6 citations 6 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!visibility 2visibility views 2 download downloads 52 Powered bymore_vert e-Prints Soton arrow_drop_down Journal of Environmental Management; Usiena air - Università di SienaArticle . 2023 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116784&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2023 United KingdomPublisher:American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Funded by:EC | IN2RAIL, UKRI | The science and analytica...EC| IN2RAIL ,UKRI| The science and analytical tools to design long life, low noise railway track systemsAuthors: T. Abadi; B. N. Madhusudhan; H. Li; L. Le Pen;T. Abadi; B. N. Madhusudhan; H. Li; L. Le Pen;During its service life, railway ballast degrades. Individual grains are abraded, asperities may break off, and the assembly loses performance as the finer material created progressively fouls the assembly. The causes of this are the repeated cyclic loading from passing trains and the major damage caused to ballast by tamping operations to restore track geometry. Eventually the ballast bed requires complete replacement, and recovered trackbed material is disposed of as waste or down-cycled. However, modern ballasts often are formed from stronger parent rocks than in the past, and a proportion may retain sufficient characteristics for reuse. This paper investigated the reuse of recovered life-expired ballast. A series of tests using fresh and reused ballast was carried out using the Southampton Railway Testing Facility (SRTF) and a large triaxial testing apparatus to compare performance. The properties of individual ballast grains were characterized in terms of their shape and petrographic make up. The results show that the type of recovered life-expired ballast used in this study has good performance and similar strength to fresh ballast despite having reduced surface roughness. The petrographic analysis showed that a majority of the recovered ballast was formed of granite, with a significant minority of basalt. These findings may be in contrast to those of some previous studies in which different life-expired rock sources were used, and highlights the importance of the source material.
e-Prints Soton arrow_drop_down Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental EngineeringArticle . 2023 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0002904&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!visibility 22visibility views 22 download downloads 44 Powered bymore_vert e-Prints Soton arrow_drop_down Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental EngineeringArticle . 2023 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0002904&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2022 United Kingdom, ItalyPublisher:Wiley Funded by:EC | XF-ACTORS, EC | POnTE, EC | DIMREC| XF-ACTORS ,EC| POnTE ,EC| DIMRNancy C. Walker; Steven M. White; Dan McKay Fletcher; Siul A. Ruiz; Kathryn E. Rankin; Angelo De Stradis; Maria Saponari; Katherine A. Williams; Chiara Petroselli; Tiina Roose;doi: 10.1111/ppa.13674
AbstractXylella fastidiosa is a xylem‐limited plant pathogen infecting many crops globally and is the cause of the recent olive disease epidemic in Italy. One strategy proposed to mitigate losses is to replant susceptible crops with resistant varieties. Several genetic, biochemical and biophysical traits are associated to X. fastidiosa disease resistance. However, mechanisms underpinning resistance are poorly understood. We hypothesize that the susceptibility of olive cultivars to infection will correlate to xylem vessel diameters, with narrower vessels being resistant to air embolisms and having slower flow rates limiting pathogen spread. To test this, we scanned stems from four olive cultivars of varying susceptibility to X. fastidiosa using X‐ray computed tomography. Scans were processed by a bespoke methodology that segmented vessels, facilitating diameter measurements. Though significant differences were not found comparing stem‐average vessel section diameters among cultivars, they were found when comparing diameter distributions. Moreover, the measurements indicated that although vessel diameter distributions may play a role regarding the resistance of Leccino, it is unlikely they do for FS17. Considering Young–Laplace and Hagen–Poiseuille equations, we inferred differences in embolism susceptibility and hydraulic conductivity of the vasculature. Our results suggest susceptible cultivars, having a greater proportion of larger vessels, are more vulnerable to air embolisms. In addition, results suggest that under certain pressure conditions, functional vasculature in susceptible cultivars could be subject to greater stresses than in resistant cultivars. These results support investigation into xylem morphological screening to help inform olive replanting. Furthermore, our framework could test the relevance of xylem geometry to disease resistance in other crops.
e-Prints Soton arrow_drop_down Plant Pathology; NERC Open Research Archive; CNR ExploRAArticle . 2023 . 2022 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1111/ppa.13674&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routeshybrid 8 citations 8 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!visibility 10visibility views 10 download downloads 12 Powered bymore_vert e-Prints Soton arrow_drop_down Plant Pathology; NERC Open Research Archive; CNR ExploRAArticle . 2023 . 2022 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1111/ppa.13674&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2022Publisher:MDPI AG Funded by:EC | ICARUSEC| ICARUSRok Novak; Johanna Amalia Robinson; Tjaša Kanduč; Dimosthenis Sarigiannis; David Kocman;Air pollution exposure is harmful to human health and reducing it at the level of an individual requires measurements and assessments that capture the spatiotemporal variability of different microenvironments and the influence of specific activities. In this paper, activity-specific and general indoor and outdoor exposure during and after a period of high concentrations of particulate matter (PM), e.g., an atmospheric thermal inversion (ATI) in the Ljubljana subalpine basin, Slovenia, was assessed. To this end, personal particulate matter monitors (PPM) were used, worn by participants of the H2020 ICARUS sampling campaigns in spring 2019 who also recorded their hourly activities. ATI period(s) were determined based on data collected from two meteorological stations managed by the Slovenian Environmental Agency (SEA). Results showed that indoor and outdoor exposure to PM was significantly higher during the ATI period, and that the difference between mean indoor and outdoor exposure to PM was much higher during the ATI period (23.0 µg/m3) than after (6.5 µg/m3). Indoor activities generally were associated with smaller differences, with cooking and cleaning even having higher values in the post-ATI period. On the other hand, all outdoor activities had higher PM values during the ATI than after, with larger differences, mostly >30.0 µg/m3. Overall, this work demonstrated that an individual-level approach can provide better spatiotemporal resolution and evaluate the relative importance of specific high-exposure events, and in this way provide an ancillary tool for exposure assessments.
Sensors arrow_drop_down SensorsOther literature type . Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/19/7116/pdfadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/s22197116&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 4 citations 4 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert Sensors arrow_drop_down SensorsOther literature type . Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/19/7116/pdfadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/s22197116&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2022 NetherlandsPublisher:MDPI AG Funded by:EC | BRIGAID, EC | TWIGAEC| BRIGAID ,EC| TWIGAAuthors: Andreas Krietemeyer; Hans van der Marel; Nick van de Giesen; Marie-Claire ten Veldhuis;Andreas Krietemeyer; Hans van der Marel; Nick van de Giesen; Marie-Claire ten Veldhuis;Low-cost dual-frequency receivers and antennas have created opportunities for a wide range of new applications, in regions and disciplines where traditional GNSS equipment is unaffordable. However, the major drawback of using low-cost antenna equipment is that antenna phase patterns are typically poorly defined. Therefore, the noise in tropospheric zenith delay and coordinate time series is increased and systematic errors may occur. Here, we present a field calibration method that fully relies on low-cost solutions. It does not require costly software, uses low-cost equipment (~500 Euros), requires limited specialist expertise, and takes complex processing steps into the cloud. The application is more than just a relative antenna calibration: it is also a means to assess the quality and performance of the antenna, whether this is at a calibration site or directly in the field. We cover PCV calibrations, important for deformation monitoring, GNSS meteorology and positioning, and the computation of PCOs when the absolute position is of interest. The method is made available as an online web service. The performance of the calibration method is presented for a range of antennas of different quality and price in combination with a low-cost dual-frequency receiver. Carrier phase residuals of the low-cost antennas are reduced by 11–34% on L1 and 19–39% on L2, depending on the antenna type and ground plane used. For the cheapest antenna, when using a circular ground plane, the L1 residual is reduced from 3.85 mm before to 3.41 mm after calibration, and for L2 from 5.34 mm to 4.3 mm. The calibration reduces the Median Absolute Deviations (MADs) of the low-cost antennas in the vertical direction using Post Processed Kinematic (PPK) by 20–24%. For the cheapest antenna, the MAD is reduced from 5.6 to 3.8 mm, comparable to a geodetic-grade antenna (3.5 mm MAD). The calibration also has a positive impact on the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) results, delivering more precise results and reducing height biases.
NARCIS; Sensors; TU ... arrow_drop_down SensorsOther literature type . Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/6/2267/pdfadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/s22062267&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 6 citations 6 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!visibility 18visibility views 18 download downloads 13 Powered bymore_vert NARCIS; Sensors; TU ... arrow_drop_down SensorsOther literature type . Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/6/2267/pdfadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/s22062267&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2021 SpainPublisher:MDPI AG Funded by:EC | GREENSOULEC| GREENSOULAuthors: Fatima Zohra Benhamida; Joan Navarro; Oihane Gómez-Carmona; Diego Casado-Mansilla; +2 AuthorsFatima Zohra Benhamida; Joan Navarro; Oihane Gómez-Carmona; Diego Casado-Mansilla; Diego López-de-Ipiña; Agustín Zaballos;The advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the massive growth of devices connected to the Internet are reshaping modern societies. However, human lifestyles are not evolving at the same pace as technology, which often derives into users’ reluctance and aversion. Although it is essential to consider user involvement/privacy while deploying IoT devices in a human-centric environment, current IoT architecture standards tend to neglect the degree of trust that humans require to adopt these technologies on a daily basis. In this regard, this paper proposes an architecture to enable privacy-by-design with human-in-the-loop IoT environments. In this regard, it first distills two IoT use-cases with high human interaction to analyze the interactions between human beings and IoT devices in an environment which had not previously been subject to the Internet of People principles.. Leveraging the lessons learned in these use-cases, the Privacy-enabling Fog-based and Flexible (PyFF) human-centric and human-aware architecture is proposed which brings together distributed and intelligent systems are brought together. PyFF aims to maintain end-users’ privacy by involving them in the whole data lifecycle, allowing them to decide which information can be monitored, where it can be computed and the appropriate feedback channels in accordance with human-in-the-loop principles.
Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2021Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8197254Data sources: PubMed CentralDAU - Arxiu Digital de la URL; SensorsOther literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/11/3640/pdfadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/s21113640&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 5 citations 5 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2021Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8197254Data sources: PubMed CentralDAU - Arxiu Digital de la URL; SensorsOther literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/11/3640/pdfadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/s21113640&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2021Publisher:MDPI AG Funded by:EC | FIBRESHIPEC| FIBRESHIPAuthors: Cristobal Garcia; Alfonso Jurado; Oscar Zaba; Publio Beltran;Cristobal Garcia; Alfonso Jurado; Oscar Zaba; Publio Beltran;This paper proposes a new vibration-based structural health monitoring method for the identification of delamination defects in composite bulkheads used in small-length fiber-based ships. The core of this work is to find out if the variations of vibration energy can be efficiently used as a key performance indicator for the detection and quantification of delamination defects in marine composite bulkheads. For this purpose, the changes of vibrational energy exerted by delamination defects in sandwich and monolithic composite panel bulkheads with different types of delamination phenomenon are investigated using a non-destructive test. Experiments show that the overall vibration energy of the bulkheads is directly dependent on the damage conditions of the specimens and therefore, the variations of this parameter are a good indicator of the incorporation of delamination defects in composite bulkheads. Additionally, the overall vibration energy changes also give interesting information about the severity of the delamination defect in the panels. Hence, this methodology based on vibratory energy can be used to accurately determine delamination defects in medium-sized composite bulkheads with the advantages of being a simple and cost-effective approach. The findings of this research possess important applications for the identification of delamination failures in composite components such as bulkheads, turbine blades, and aircraft structures, among others.
Sensors arrow_drop_down SensorsArticle . 2021Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8074088Data sources: PubMed CentralSensorsOther literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/8/2843/pdfadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/s21082843&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 7 citations 7 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Sensors arrow_drop_down SensorsArticle . 2021Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8074088Data sources: PubMed CentralSensorsOther literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/8/2843/pdfadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/s21082843&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2021Publisher:MDPI AG Funded by:EC | ERA-PLANETEC| ERA-PLANETJan Gačnik; Igor Živković; Sergio Ribeiro Guevara; Radojko Jaćimović; Jože Kotnik; Milena Horvat;Understanding atmospheric mercury chemistry is the key for explaining the biogeochemical cycle of mercury and for improving the predictive capability of computational models. Increased efforts are being made to ensure comparable Hg speciation measurements in the air through establishing metrological traceability. While traceability for elemental mercury has been recently set, this is by no means the case for gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM). Since a calibration unit suitable for traceable GOM calibrations based on evaporation of HgCl2 solution was recently developed, the purpose of our work was to extensively evaluate its performance. A highly specific and sensitive 197Hg radiotracer was used for validation over a wide range of concentrations. By comparing experimental and calculated values, we obtained recoveries for the calibration unit. The average recoveries ranged from 88.5% for 1178 ng m−3 HgCl2 gas concentration to 39.4% for 5.90 ng m−3 HgCl2 gas concentration. The losses were due to the adsorption of oxidized Hg on the inner walls of the calibrator and tubing. An adsorption isotherm was applied to estimate adsorption enthalpy (ΔHads) a ΔHads value of −12.33 kJ mol−1 was obtained, suggesting exothermal adsorption. The results of the calibrator performance evaluation suggest that a newly developed calibration unit is only suitable for concentrations of HgCl2 higher than 1 µg m−3. The concentration dependence of recoveries prevents the system from being used for calibration of instruments for ambient GOM measurements. Moreover, the previously assessed uncertainty of this unit at µg m−3 level (2.0%, k = 2) was re-evaluated by including uncertainty related to recovery and was found to be 4.1%, k = 2. Calibrator performance was also evaluated for HgBr2 gas calibration 1 µg m−3). As HgBr2 is often used as a proxy for various atmospheric HgBr species, the suitability of the unit for such calibration must be further developed. the recoveries were much lower for HgBr2 gas than for HgCl2 gas even at a high HgBr2 gas concentration (>
Sensors arrow_drop_down SensorsArticle . 2021Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8038396Data sources: PubMed CentralSensorsOther literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/7/2501/pdfadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/s21072501&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 7 citations 7 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Sensors arrow_drop_down SensorsArticle . 2021Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8038396Data sources: PubMed CentralSensorsOther literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/7/2501/pdfadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/s21072501&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2021 United KingdomPublisher:Copernicus GmbH Funded by:EC | PROTECT, EC | COACCH, EC | ERA4CS +1 projectsEC| PROTECT ,EC| COACCH ,EC| ERA4CS ,EC| GREEN-WINRobert J. Nicholls; Daniel Lincke; Jochen Hinkel; Sally Brown; Athanasios T. Vafeidis; Benoit Meyssignac; Susan Hanson; Jan-Ludolf Merkens; Jiayi Fang;Climate-induced sea-level rise and vertical land movements, including natural and human-induced subsidence in sedimentary coastal lowlands, combine to change relative sea levels around the world’s coasts. Although this affects local rates of sea-level rise, assessments of the coastal impacts of subsidence are lacking on a global scale. Here, we quantify global-mean relative sea-level rise to be 2.6 mm yr−1 over the past two decades. However, as coastal inhabitants are preferentially located in subsiding locations, they experience an average relative sea-level rise up to four times faster at 7.8 to 9.9 mm yr−1. These results indicate that the impacts and adaptation needs are much higher than reported global sea-level rise measurements suggest. In particular, human-induced subsidence in and surrounding coastal cities can be rapidly reduced with appropriate policy for groundwater utilization and drainage. Such policy would offer substantial and rapid benefits to reduce growth of coastal flood exposure due to relative sea-level rise. Land subsidence and uplift influence the rate of sea-level rise. Most coastal populations live in subsiding areas and experience average rates of relative sea-level rise three to four times faster than due to climate change alone, indicating the need for policy to address subsidence.
CORE (RIOXX-UK Aggre... arrow_drop_down ZENODO; Nature Climate ChangeOther literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer Nature TDMUniversity of East Anglia digital repositoryArticle . 2021 . Peer-reviewedData sources: University of East Anglia digital repositoryadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.5194/egusphere-egu21-14985&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routeshybrid 182 citations 182 popularity Top 0.1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 0.1% Powered by BIP!visibility 466visibility views 466 download downloads 1,301 Powered bymore_vert CORE (RIOXX-UK Aggre... arrow_drop_down ZENODO; Nature Climate ChangeOther literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer Nature TDMUniversity of East Anglia digital repositoryArticle . 2021 . Peer-reviewedData sources: University of East Anglia digital repositoryadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.5194/egusphere-egu21-14985&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2023Publisher:MDPI AG Funded by:EC | ICARUSEC| ICARUSRok Novak; Johanna Amalia Robinson; Tjaša Kanduč; Dimosthenis Sarigiannis; Sašo Džeroski; David Kocman;doi: 10.3390/s23249890
Participatory exposure research, which tracks behaviour and assesses exposure to stressors like air pollution, traditionally relies on time-activity diaries. This study introduces a novel approach, employing machine learning (ML) to empower laypersons in human activity recognition (HAR), aiming to reduce dependence on manual recording by leveraging data from wearable sensors. Recognising complex activities such as smoking and cooking presents unique challenges due to specific environmental conditions. In this research, we combined wearable environment/ambient and wrist-worn activity/biometric sensors for complex activity recognition in an urban stressor exposure study, measuring parameters like particulate matter concentrations, temperature, and humidity. Two groups, Group H (88 individuals) and Group M (18 individuals), wore the devices and manually logged their activities hourly and minutely, respectively. Prioritising accessibility and inclusivity, we selected three classification algorithms: k-nearest neighbours (IBk), decision trees (J48), and random forests (RF), based on: (1) proven efficacy in existing literature, (2) understandability and transparency for laypersons, (3) availability on user-friendly platforms like WEKA, and (4) efficiency on basic devices such as office laptops or smartphones. Accuracy improved with finer temporal resolution and detailed activity categories. However, when compared to other published human activity recognition research, our accuracy rates, particularly for less complex activities, were not as competitive. Misclassifications were higher for vague activities (resting, playing), while well-defined activities (smoking, cooking, running) had few errors. Including environmental sensor data increased accuracy for all activities, especially playing, smoking, and running. Future work should consider exploring other explainable algorithms available on diverse tools and platforms. Our findings underscore ML’s potential in exposure studies, emphasising its adaptability and significance for laypersons while also highlighting areas for improvement.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/s23249890&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/s23249890&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2023 Netherlands, Italy, Netherlands, United Kingdom, Netherlands, NetherlandsPublisher:Elsevier BV Funded by:EC | ESMERALDA, EC | MAIAEC| ESMERALDA ,EC| MAIAGrammatikopoulou, I.; Badura, T.; Johnston, R.J.; Barton, D.N.; Ferrini, S.; Schaafsma, M.; La Notte, A.;Ecosystem accounting is a statistical framework that aims to track the state of ecosystems and ecosystem services, with periodic updates. This framework follows the statistical standard of the System of Environmental Economic Accounting Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA EA). SEEA EA is composed of physical ecosystem extent, condition and ecosystem service supply-use accounts and monetary ecosystem service and asset accounts. This paper focuses on the potential use of the “Value Transfer” (VT) valuation method to produce the monetary ecosystem service accounts, taking advantage of experience with rigorous benefit transfer methods that have been developed and tested over many years in environmental economics. Although benefit transfer methods have been developed primarily for welfare analysis, the underlying techniques and advantages are directly applicable to monetary exchange values required for ecosystem accounting. The compilation of regular accounts is about to become a key area of work for the National Statistical Offices worldwide as well as for the EU Member States in particular, due to the anticipated amendment to regulation on European environmental economic accounts introducing ecosystem accounts. On this basis, accounting practitioners have voiced their concerns in a global consultation during SEEA EA revision, about three issues in particular: the lack of resources, the need for guidelines and the challenge of periodically updating the accounts. We argue that VT can facilitate empirical applications that assess ecosystem services in monetary terms, especially at national scales and in situations with limited expertise and resources available. VT is a low-cost valuation approach in line with SEEA EA requirements able to provide periodic, rigorous and consistent estimates for use in accounts. While some methodological challenges remain, it is likely that VT can help to implement SEEA EA at scale and in time to respond to the pressing need to incorporate nature into mainstream decision-making processes.
e-Prints Soton arrow_drop_down Journal of Environmental Management; Usiena air - Università di SienaArticle . 2023 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116784&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 6 citations 6 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!visibility 2visibility views 2 download downloads 52 Powered bymore_vert e-Prints Soton arrow_drop_down Journal of Environmental Management; Usiena air - Università di SienaArticle . 2023 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116784&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2023 United KingdomPublisher:American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Funded by:EC | IN2RAIL, UKRI | The science and analytica...EC| IN2RAIL ,UKRI| The science and analytical tools to design long life, low noise railway track systemsAuthors: T. Abadi; B. N. Madhusudhan; H. Li; L. Le Pen;T. Abadi; B. N. Madhusudhan; H. Li; L. Le Pen;During its service life, railway ballast degrades. Individual grains are abraded, asperities may break off, and the assembly loses performance as the finer material created progressively fouls the assembly. The causes of this are the repeated cyclic loading from passing trains and the major damage caused to ballast by tamping operations to restore track geometry. Eventually the ballast bed requires complete replacement, and recovered trackbed material is disposed of as waste or down-cycled. However, modern ballasts often are formed from stronger parent rocks than in the past, and a proportion may retain sufficient characteristics for reuse. This paper investigated the reuse of recovered life-expired ballast. A series of tests using fresh and reused ballast was carried out using the Southampton Railway Testing Facility (SRTF) and a large triaxial testing apparatus to compare performance. The properties of individual ballast grains were characterized in terms of their shape and petrographic make up. The results show that the type of recovered life-expired ballast used in this study has good performance and similar strength to fresh ballast despite having reduced surface roughness. The petrographic analysis showed that a majority of the recovered ballast was formed of granite, with a significant minority of basalt. These findings may be in contrast to those of some previous studies in which different life-expired rock sources were used, and highlights the importance of the source material.
e-Prints Soton arrow_drop_down Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental EngineeringArticle . 2023 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0002904&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!visibility 22visibility views 22 download downloads 44 Powered bymore_vert e-Prints Soton arrow_drop_down Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental EngineeringArticle . 2023 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0002904&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2022 United Kingdom, ItalyPublisher:Wiley Funded by:EC | XF-ACTORS, EC | POnTE, EC | DIMREC| XF-ACTORS ,EC| POnTE ,EC| DIMRNancy C. Walker; Steven M. White; Dan McKay Fletcher; Siul A. Ruiz; Kathryn E. Rankin; Angelo De Stradis; Maria Saponari; Katherine A. Williams; Chiara Petroselli; Tiina Roose;doi: 10.1111/ppa.13674
AbstractXylella fastidiosa is a xylem‐limited plant pathogen infecting many crops globally and is the cause of the recent olive disease epidemic in Italy. One strategy proposed to mitigate losses is to replant susceptible crops with resistant varieties. Several genetic, biochemical and biophysical traits are associated to X. fastidiosa disease resistance. However, mechanisms underpinning resistance are poorly understood. We hypothesize that the susceptibility of olive cultivars to infection will correlate to xylem vessel diameters, with narrower vessels being resistant to air embolisms and having slower flow rates limiting pathogen spread. To test this, we scanned stems from four olive cultivars of varying susceptibility to X. fastidiosa using X‐ray computed tomography. Scans were processed by a bespoke methodology that segmented vessels, facilitating diameter measurements. Though significant differences were not found comparing stem‐average vessel section diameters among cultivars, they were found when comparing diameter distributions. Moreover, the measurements indicated that although vessel diameter distributions may play a role regarding the resistance of Leccino, it is unlikely they do for FS17. Considering Young–Laplace and Hagen–Poiseuille equations, we inferred differences in embolism susceptibility and hydraulic conductivity of the vasculature. Our results suggest susceptible cultivars, having a greater proportion of larger vessels, are more vulnerable to air embolisms. In addition, results suggest that under certain pressure conditions, functional vasculature in susceptible cultivars could be subject to greater stresses than in resistant cultivars. These results support investigation into xylem morphological screening to help inform olive replanting. Furthermore, our framework could test the relevance of xylem geometry to disease resistance in other crops.
e-Prints Soton arrow_drop_down Plant Pathology; NERC Open Research Archive; CNR ExploRAArticle . 2023 . 2022 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1111/ppa.13674&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routeshybrid 8 citations 8 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!visibility 10visibility views 10 download downloads 12 Powered bymore_vert e-Prints Soton arrow_drop_down Plant Pathology; NERC Open Research Archive; CNR ExploRAArticle . 2023 . 2022 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1111/ppa.13674&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2022Publisher:MDPI AG Funded by:EC | ICARUSEC| ICARUSRok Novak; Johanna Amalia Robinson; Tjaša Kanduč; Dimosthenis Sarigiannis; David Kocman;Air pollution exposure is harmful to human health and reducing it at the level of an individual requires measurements and assessments that capture the spatiotemporal variability of different microenvironments and the influence of specific activities. In this paper, activity-specific and general indoor and outdoor exposure during and after a period of high concentrations of particulate matter (PM), e.g., an atmospheric thermal inversion (ATI) in the Ljubljana subalpine basin, Slovenia, was assessed. To this end, personal particulate matter monitors (PPM) were used, worn by participants of the H2020 ICARUS sampling campaigns in spring 2019 who also recorded their hourly activities. ATI period(s) were determined based on data collected from two meteorological stations managed by the Slovenian Environmental Agency (SEA). Results showed that indoor and outdoor exposure to PM was significantly higher during the ATI period, and that the difference between mean indoor and outdoor exposure to PM was much higher during the ATI period (23.0 µg/m3) than after (6.5 µg/m3). Indoor activities generally were associated with smaller differences, with cooking and cleaning even having higher values in the post-ATI period. On the other hand, all outdoor activities had higher PM values during the ATI than after, with larger differences, mostly >30.0 µg/m3. Overall, this work demonstrated that an individual-level approach can provide better spatiotemporal resolution and evaluate the relative importance of specific high-exposure events, and in this way provide an ancillary tool for exposure assessments.
Sensors arrow_drop_down SensorsOther literature type . Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/19/7116/pdfadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/s22197116&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 4 citations 4 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert Sensors arrow_drop_down SensorsOther literature type . Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/19/7116/pdfadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/s22197116&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2022 NetherlandsPublisher:MDPI AG Funded by:EC | BRIGAID, EC | TWIGAEC| BRIGAID ,EC| TWIGAAuthors: Andreas Krietemeyer; Hans van der Marel; Nick van de Giesen; Marie-Claire ten Veldhuis;Andreas Krietemeyer; Hans van der Marel; Nick van de Giesen; Marie-Claire ten Veldhuis;Low-cost dual-frequency receivers and antennas have created opportunities for a wide range of new applications, in regions and disciplines where traditional GNSS equipment is unaffordable. However, the major drawback of using low-cost antenna equipment is that antenna phase patterns are typically poorly defined. Therefore, the noise in tropospheric zenith delay and coordinate time series is increased and systematic errors may occur. Here, we present a field calibration method that fully relies on low-cost solutions. It does not require costly software, uses low-cost equipment (~500 Euros), requires limited specialist expertise, and takes complex processing steps into the cloud. The application is more than just a relative antenna calibration: it is also a means to assess the quality and performance of the antenna, whether this is at a calibration site or directly in the field. We cover PCV calibrations, important for deformation monitoring, GNSS meteorology and positioning, and the computation of PCOs when the absolute position is of interest. The method is made available as an online web service. The performance of the calibration method is presented for a range of antennas of different quality and price in combination with a low-cost dual-frequency receiver. Carrier phase residuals of the low-cost antennas are reduced by 11–34% on L1 and 19–39% on L2, depending on the antenna type and ground plane used. For the cheapest antenna, when using a circular ground plane, the L1 residual is reduced from 3.85 mm before to 3.41 mm after calibration, and for L2 from 5.34 mm to 4.3 mm. The calibration reduces the Median Absolute Deviations (MADs) of the low-cost antennas in the vertical direction using Post Processed Kinematic (PPK) by 20–24%. For the cheapest antenna, the MAD is reduced from 5.6 to 3.8 mm, comparable to a geodetic-grade antenna (3.5 mm MAD). The calibration also has a positive impact on the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) results, delivering more precise results and reducing height biases.
NARCIS; Sensors; TU ... arrow_drop_down SensorsOther literature type . Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/6/2267/pdfadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/s22062267&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 6 citations 6 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!visibility 18visibility views 18 download downloads 13 Powered bymore_vert NARCIS; Sensors; TU ... arrow_drop_down SensorsOther literature type . Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/6/2267/pdfadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/s22062267&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2021 SpainPublisher:MDPI AG Funded by:EC | GREENSOULEC| GREENSOULAuthors: Fatima Zohra Benhamida; Joan Navarro; Oihane Gómez-Carmona; Diego Casado-Mansilla; +2 AuthorsFatima Zohra Benhamida; Joan Navarro; Oihane Gómez-Carmona; Diego Casado-Mansilla; Diego López-de-Ipiña; Agustín Zaballos;The advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the massive growth of devices connected to the Internet are reshaping modern societies. However, human lifestyles are not evolving at the same pace as technology, which often derives into users’ reluctance and aversion. Although it is essential to consider user involvement/privacy while deploying IoT devices in a human-centric environment, current IoT architecture standards tend to neglect the degree of trust that humans require to adopt these technologies on a daily basis. In this regard, this paper proposes an architecture to enable privacy-by-design with human-in-the-loop IoT environments. In this regard, it first distills two IoT use-cases with high human interaction to analyze the interactions between human beings and IoT devices in an environment which had not previously been subject to the Internet of People principles.. Leveraging the lessons learned in these use-cases, the Privacy-enabling Fog-based and Flexible (PyFF) human-centric and human-aware architecture is proposed which brings together distributed and intelligent systems are brought together. PyFF aims to maintain end-users’ privacy by involving them in the whole data lifecycle, allowing them to decide which information can be monitored, where it can be computed and the appropriate feedback channels in accordance with human-in-the-loop principles.
Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2021Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8197254Data sources: PubMed CentralDAU - Arxiu Digital de la URL; SensorsOther literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/11/3640/pdfadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/s21113640&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 5 citations 5 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2021Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8197254Data sources: PubMed CentralDAU - Arxiu Digital de la URL; SensorsOther literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/11/3640/pdfadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/s21113640&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2021Publisher:MDPI AG Funded by:EC | FIBRESHIPEC| FIBRESHIPAuthors: Cristobal Garcia; Alfonso Jurado; Oscar Zaba; Publio Beltran;Cristobal Garcia; Alfonso Jurado; Oscar Zaba; Publio Beltran;This paper proposes a new vibration-based structural health monitoring method for the identification of delamination defects in composite bulkheads used in small-length fiber-based ships. The core of this work is to find out if the variations of vibration energy can be efficiently used as a key performance indicator for the detection and quantification of delamination defects in marine composite bulkheads. For this purpose, the changes of vibrational energy exerted by delamination defects in sandwich and monolithic composite panel bulkheads with different types of delamination phenomenon are investigated using a non-destructive test. Experiments show that the overall vibration energy of the bulkheads is directly dependent on the damage conditions of the specimens and therefore, the variations of this parameter are a good indicator of the incorporation of delamination defects in composite bulkheads. Additionally, the overall vibration energy changes also give interesting information about the severity of the delamination defect in the panels. Hence, this methodology based on vibratory energy can be used to accurately determine delamination defects in medium-sized composite bulkheads with the advantages of being a simple and cost-effective approach. The findings of this research possess important applications for the identification of delamination failures in composite components such as bulkheads, turbine blades, and aircraft structures, among others.
Sensors arrow_drop_down SensorsArticle . 2021Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8074088Data sources: PubMed CentralSensorsOther literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/8/2843/pdfadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/s21082843&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 7 citations 7 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Sensors arrow_drop_down SensorsArticle . 2021Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8074088Data sources: PubMed CentralSensorsOther literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/8/2843/pdfadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/s21082843&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2021Publisher:MDPI AG Funded by:EC | ERA-PLANETEC| ERA-PLANETJan Gačnik; Igor Živković; Sergio Ribeiro Guevara; Radojko Jaćimović; Jože Kotnik; Milena Horvat;Understanding atmospheric mercury chemistry is the key for explaining the biogeochemical cycle of mercury and for improving the predictive capability of computational models. Increased efforts are being made to ensure comparable Hg speciation measurements in the air through establishing metrological traceability. While traceability for elemental mercury has been recently set, this is by no means the case for gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM). Since a calibration unit suitable for traceable GOM calibrations based on evaporation of HgCl2 solution was recently developed, the purpose of our work was to extensively evaluate its performance. A highly specific and sensitive 197Hg radiotracer was used for validation over a wide range of concentrations. By comparing experimental and calculated values, we obtained recoveries for the calibration unit. The average recoveries ranged from 88.5% for 1178 ng m−3 HgCl2 gas concentration to 39.4% for 5.90 ng m−3 HgCl2 gas concentration. The losses were due to the adsorption of oxidized Hg on the inner walls of the calibrator and tubing. An adsorption isotherm was applied to estimate adsorption enthalpy (ΔHads) a ΔHads value of −12.33 kJ mol−1 was obtained, suggesting exothermal adsorption. The results of the calibrator performance evaluation suggest that a newly developed calibration unit is only suitable for concentrations of HgCl2 higher than 1 µg m−3. The concentration dependence of recoveries prevents the system from being used for calibration of instruments for ambient GOM measurements. Moreover, the previously assessed uncertainty of this unit at µg m−3 level (2.0%, k = 2) was re-evaluated by including uncertainty related to recovery and was found to be 4.1%, k = 2. Calibrator performance was also evaluated for HgBr2 gas calibration 1 µg m−3). As HgBr2 is often used as a proxy for various atmospheric HgBr species, the suitability of the unit for such calibration must be further developed. the recoveries were much lower for HgBr2 gas than for HgCl2 gas even at a high HgBr2 gas concentration (>
Sensors arrow_drop_down SensorsArticle . 2021Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8038396Data sources: PubMed CentralSensorsOther literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/7/2501/pdfadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/s21072501&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 7 citations 7 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Sensors arrow_drop_down SensorsArticle . 2021Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8038396Data sources: PubMed CentralSensorsOther literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/7/2501/pdfadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/s21072501&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2021 United KingdomPublisher:Copernicus GmbH Funded by:EC | PROTECT, EC | COACCH, EC | ERA4CS +1 projectsEC| PROTECT ,EC| COACCH ,EC| ERA4CS ,EC| GREEN-WINRobert J. Nicholls; Daniel Lincke; Jochen Hinkel; Sally Brown; Athanasios T. Vafeidis; Benoit Meyssignac; Susan Hanson; Jan-Ludolf Merkens; Jiayi Fang;Climate-induced sea-level rise and vertical land movements, including natural and human-induced subsidence in sedimentary coastal lowlands, combine to change relative sea levels around the world’s coasts. Although this affects local rates of sea-level rise, assessments of the coastal impacts of subsidence are lacking on a global scale. Here, we quantify global-mean relative sea-level rise to be 2.6 mm yr−1 over the past two decades. However, as coastal inhabitants are preferentially located in subsiding locations, they experience an average relative sea-level rise up to four times faster at 7.8 to 9.9 mm yr−1. These results indicate that the impacts and adaptation needs are much higher than reported global sea-level rise measurements suggest. In particular, human-induced subsidence in and surrounding coastal cities can be rapidly reduced with appropriate policy for groundwater utilization and drainage. Such policy would offer substantial and rapid benefits to reduce growth of coastal flood exposure due to relative sea-level rise. Land subsidence and uplift influence the rate of sea-level rise. Most coastal populations live in subsiding areas and experience average rates of relative sea-level rise three to four times faster than due to climate change alone, indicating the need for policy to address subsidence.
CORE (RIOXX-UK Aggre... arrow_drop_down ZENODO; Nature Climate ChangeOther literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer Nature TDMUniversity of East Anglia digital repositoryArticle . 2021 . Peer-reviewedData sources: University of East Anglia digital repositoryadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.5194/egusphere-egu21-14985&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routeshybrid 182 citations 182 popularity Top 0.1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 0.1% Powered by BIP!visibility 466visibility views 466 download downloads 1,301 Powered bymore_vert CORE (RIOXX-UK Aggre... arrow_drop_down ZENODO; Nature Climate ChangeOther literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer Nature TDMUniversity of East Anglia digital repositoryArticle . 2021 . Peer-reviewedData sources: University of East Anglia digital repositoryadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.5194/egusphere-egu21-14985&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu