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    Authors: Fumi Harahap; Anissa Nurdiawati; Davide Conti; Sylvain Leduc; +1 Authors

    This article investigates the potential of renewable and low-carbon fuel production for the maritime shipping sector, using Sweden as a case in focus. Techno-economic modelling and socio-technical transition studies are combined to explore the conditions, opportunities and barriers to decarbonising the maritime shipping industry. A set of scenarios have been developed considering demand assumptions and potential instruments such as carbon price, energy tax, and blending mandate. The study finds that there are opportunities for decarbonising the maritime shipping industry by using renewable marine fuels such as advanced biofuels (e.g., biomethanol), electrofuels (e.g., e-methanol) and hydrogen. Sweden has tremendous resource potential for bio-based and hydrogen-based renewable liquid fuel production. In the evaluated system boundary, biomethanol presents the cheapest technology option while e-ammonia is the most expensive one. Green electricity plays an important role in the decarbonisation of the maritime sector. The results of the supply chain optimisation identify the location sites and technology in Sweden as well as the trade flows to bring the fuels to where the bunker facilities are potentially located. Biomethanol and hydrogen-based marine fuels are cost-effective at a carbon price beyond 100 €/tCO2 and 200 €/tCO2 respectively. Linking back to the socio-technical transition pathways, the study finds that some shipping companies are in the process of transitioning towards using renewable marine fuels, thereby enabling niche innovations to break through the carbon lock-in and eventually alter the socio-technical regime, while other shipping companies are more resistant. Overall, there is increasing pressure from (inter)national energy and climate policy-making to decarbonise the maritime shipping industry.

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    Journal of Cleaner Production
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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      Journal of Cleaner Production
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
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    Authors: Albert Ossó; Philip Craig; Richard P. Allan;

    AbstractThe CMIP6 projections constitute the basis of our latest understanding of the climate response to anthropogenic forcing. However, there is still considerable uncertainty in the projections, especially at the regional scale. One way to constrain the uncertainty is by comparing the models historical climate change signals against observations and investigate the physical reasons for divergences. Here, we assess the signal‐to‐noise ratio (S/N) of surface air temperature (SAT), precipitation (PREC) and soil moisture (SM) over Europe for a set of CMIP6 historical simulations and compare them against the E‐OBS observational product and the ERA5 reanalysis. We found considerable divergences between the CMIP6 ensemble mean S/N and that of E‐OBS and ERA5, as well as between ERA5 and E‐OBS. The latter indicates that the S/N is affected by data coverage. We show that the differences among model signals are associated with different atmospheric circulation responses. We also investigate the potential relationships between the models' signals and climatological biases, and we found evidence that the models with a warm climatological bias in southern Europe tend to have smaller SAT signals (warm less). Finally, we found no apparent relationship between SM biases and the warming signal, suggesting that the mechanism by which SM–atmosphere interactions affect climate variability does not explain the mean changes. However, there is a tendency for models with higher SM to dry faster than models with lower SM.

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    International Journal of Climatology
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY NC ND
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      International Journal of Climatology
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Manuel Alméstar; Sara Romero-Muñoz; Nieves Mestre; Uriel Fogué; +2 Authors

    NBS provides the technical basis for adaptation to climate change, and co-creation is the vehicle for the co-production of knowledge and innovation, both forming a strong binomial for the UE Green Infrastructures Strategy. Nonetheless, one of the main challenges for the implementation of effective co-creation strategies is the incorporation of knowledge from diverse social systems. Knowledge production has been approached through different methodological models, such as the quintuple helix innovation by Carayannis, or the diffuse/expert knowledge model by Manzini. These theoretical models are based on linear knowledge transfers, without sufficiently depicting alternative knowledge flows among (un)conventional actors. In view of these limitations, the research proposes a third strategy: the KREBS cycle of creativity defined by Oxman is a conceptual map capable of describing knowledge transfers across the four modalities of human creativity (i.e., science, engineering, design, and art). Providing sufficient “creative energy” in a co-creation process would guarantee the successful production of knowledge. Thus, the research seeks to illuminate different co-creation strategies to promote “creative energy” in the design of the Cyborg Garden (CG) in Madrid, giving a novel application to Oxman’s methodological framework based on the Carayannis’s and Manzini’s models.

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    Other literature type . Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    Article . 2023
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      Other literature type . Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      Article . 2023
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    Authors: Mylonas, Georgios; Hofstaetter, Joerg; Giannakos, Michail; Friedl, Andreas; +1 Authors

    With the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals and national commitments requiring effective implementation of evidence-based innovations, we are witnessing a growing number of related interventions in educational environments based on digitalization and gamification. In particular, serious games and playful activities are being used to empower children’s awareness and reflection on issues related to climate change and sustainability. In this work, we discuss such approaches through the lens of our own experience with an intervention targeting school environments. Our study is based on a playful web application that focuses on sustainability awareness and energy-related aspects, the GAIA Challenge, which was used in over 25 schools in 3 countries, resulting in 3762 registered users. We present a longitudinal study on the use of GAIA Challenge focusing on children’s engagement, rate of completion of the content on offer, and overall reaction by the school communities involved in large-scale trials, complemented with insights from surveys answered by 723 students and 32 educators. Our results showed that up to 20% of the children completed all content available in the Challenge, when gameplay sessions were combined with strong community competition activities. The children also reported increased awareness of related sustainability issues. Our findings demonstrate that a simple playful experience can yield good results within educational environments, by taking into consideration typical school constraints, integrating it to the daily activities of schools and placing it within their strategy.

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    International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    NTNU Open
    Article . 2023
    Data sources: NTNU Open
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      International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
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      NTNU Open
      Article . 2023
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Alaia Morell; Yunne-Jai Shin; Nicolas Barrier; Morgane Travers-Trolet; +1 Authors

    ABSTRACTIn the last decade, marine ecosystem models have been increasingly used to project interspecific biodiversity under various global change and management scenarios, considering ecological dynamics only. However, fish populations may also adapt to climate and fishing pressures, via evolutionary changes, leading to modifications in their life-history that could either mitigate or worsen, or even make irreversible, the impacts of these pressures. Building on the multispecies individual-based model Bioen-OSMOSE, an eco-evolutionary fish community model, Ev-Osmose, has been developed to account for evolutionary dynamics together with physiological and ecological dynamics in fish diversity projections. A gametic inheritance module describing the individuals’ genetic structure has been implemented. The genetic structure is defined by finite numbers of loci and alleles per locus that determine the genetic variability of growth, maturation and reproductive effort. Climate change and fishing activities will generate selection pressures on fish life-history traits that will respond through microevolution. This paper is an overview of the Ev-OSMOSE model. To illustrate the ability of the Ev-OSMOSE model to represent realistic fish community dynamics, genotypic and phenotypic traits’ mean and variance and consistent evolutionary patterns, we applied the model to the North Sea ecosystem. The simulated outputs are confronted to observed data of commercial catch, maturity ogives and length at age and to estimates of biomass for each modeled species. In addition to the evaluation of their mean value, the emerging traits’ variability is confronted to length-at-age and maturity data. To ensure the consistency of genetic inheritance and the resulting evolutionary patterns, we assessed the transmission of traits’ genotypic value across cohorts. Overall, the state of the modelled ecosystem was convincing at all these different biological levels. These results open perspectives for using Ev-OSMOSE in different marine regions to project the eco-evolutionary impact of various global change and management scenarios on different biological levels.

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    Authors: Alaia Morell; Yunne-Jai Shin; Nicolas Barrier; Morgane Travers-Trolet; +2 Authors

    1 - Marine ecosystem models have been used to project the impacts of climate-induced changes in temperature and oxygen on biodiversity mainly through changes in species spatial distributions and primary production. However, fish populations may also respond to climatic pressures via physiological changes, leading to modifications in their life history that could either mitigate or worsen the consequences of climate change.2- Building on the individual-based multispecies ecosystem model OSMOSE, Bioen-OSMOSE has been developed to account for high trophic levels’ physiological responses to temperature and oxygen in future climate projections. This paper presents an overview of the Bioen-OSMOSE model, mainly detailing the new developments. These consist in the implementation of a bioenergetic sub-model that mechanistically describes somatic growth, sexual maturation and reproduction as they emerge from the energy fluxes sustained by food intake under the hypotheses of a biphasic growth model and plastic maturation age and size represented by a maturation reaction norm. These fluxes depend on temperature and oxygen concentration, thus allowing plastic physiological responses to climate change.3 - To illustrate the capabilities of Bioen-OSMOSE to represent realistic ecosystem dynamics, the model is applied to the North Sea ecosystem. The model outputs are confronted with population biomass, catch, maturity ogive, mean size-at-age and diet data of each species of the fish community. The model succeeds in reproducing observations, with good performances for all indicators. A first exploration of current spatial variability in species’ bioenergetic fluxes resulting from temperature, oxygen, and food availability is presented in this paper, highlighting the role of temperature.4 - This new model development opens the scope for new fields of research such as the exploration of seasonal or spatial variation in life history in response to biotic and abiotic factors at the individual, population and community levels. Understanding such variability is crucial to improve our knowledge on potential climate change impacts on marine ecosystems and to make more reliable projections under climate change scenarios. International audience

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    Progress In Oceanography
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Progress In Oceanogr...arrow_drop_down
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      Progress In Oceanography
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Meissner, Katharina L.; Crum, Ben;

    More than a decade has passed since the Lisbon Treaty explicated two channels of democratic representation in the European Union (EU): one directly through the European Parliament (EP) and one indirectly through national parliaments. This review article uses a wave of recent case studies to analyse how relations between national parliaments and the EP have evolved in practice in the post-Lisbon period. We develop a conceptual framework of the organisation of inter-parliamentary relations that sets them between patterns of intensive, coordinated action and areas of competition among the involved parliaments. We use the recent case studies to identify the dynamics in different EU policy fields and to assess some first expectations about the factors that drive the variation between them

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Fumi Harahap; Anissa Nurdiawati; Davide Conti; Sylvain Leduc; +1 Authors

    This article investigates the potential of renewable and low-carbon fuel production for the maritime shipping sector, using Sweden as a case in focus. Techno-economic modelling and socio-technical transition studies are combined to explore the conditions, opportunities and barriers to decarbonising the maritime shipping industry. A set of scenarios have been developed considering demand assumptions and potential instruments such as carbon price, energy tax, and blending mandate. The study finds that there are opportunities for decarbonising the maritime shipping industry by using renewable marine fuels such as advanced biofuels (e.g., biomethanol), electrofuels (e.g., e-methanol) and hydrogen. Sweden has tremendous resource potential for bio-based and hydrogen-based renewable liquid fuel production. In the evaluated system boundary, biomethanol presents the cheapest technology option while e-ammonia is the most expensive one. Green electricity plays an important role in the decarbonisation of the maritime sector. The results of the supply chain optimisation identify the location sites and technology in Sweden as well as the trade flows to bring the fuels to where the bunker facilities are potentially located. Biomethanol and hydrogen-based marine fuels are cost-effective at a carbon price beyond 100 €/tCO2 and 200 €/tCO2 respectively. Linking back to the socio-technical transition pathways, the study finds that some shipping companies are in the process of transitioning towards using renewable marine fuels, thereby enabling niche innovations to break through the carbon lock-in and eventually alter the socio-technical regime, while other shipping companies are more resistant. Overall, there is increasing pressure from (inter)national energy and climate policy-making to decarbonise the maritime shipping industry.

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    Journal of Cleaner Production
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Journal of Cleaner P...arrow_drop_down
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      Journal of Cleaner Production
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Albert Ossó; Philip Craig; Richard P. Allan;

    AbstractThe CMIP6 projections constitute the basis of our latest understanding of the climate response to anthropogenic forcing. However, there is still considerable uncertainty in the projections, especially at the regional scale. One way to constrain the uncertainty is by comparing the models historical climate change signals against observations and investigate the physical reasons for divergences. Here, we assess the signal‐to‐noise ratio (S/N) of surface air temperature (SAT), precipitation (PREC) and soil moisture (SM) over Europe for a set of CMIP6 historical simulations and compare them against the E‐OBS observational product and the ERA5 reanalysis. We found considerable divergences between the CMIP6 ensemble mean S/N and that of E‐OBS and ERA5, as well as between ERA5 and E‐OBS. The latter indicates that the S/N is affected by data coverage. We show that the differences among model signals are associated with different atmospheric circulation responses. We also investigate the potential relationships between the models' signals and climatological biases, and we found evidence that the models with a warm climatological bias in southern Europe tend to have smaller SAT signals (warm less). Finally, we found no apparent relationship between SM biases and the warming signal, suggesting that the mechanism by which SM–atmosphere interactions affect climate variability does not explain the mean changes. However, there is a tendency for models with higher SM to dry faster than models with lower SM.

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    International Journal of Climatology
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      International Journal of Climatology
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Manuel Alméstar; Sara Romero-Muñoz; Nieves Mestre; Uriel Fogué; +2 Authors

    NBS provides the technical basis for adaptation to climate change, and co-creation is the vehicle for the co-production of knowledge and innovation, both forming a strong binomial for the UE Green Infrastructures Strategy. Nonetheless, one of the main challenges for the implementation of effective co-creation strategies is the incorporation of knowledge from diverse social systems. Knowledge production has been approached through different methodological models, such as the quintuple helix innovation by Carayannis, or the diffuse/expert knowledge model by Manzini. These theoretical models are based on linear knowledge transfers, without sufficiently depicting alternative knowledge flows among (un)conventional actors. In view of these limitations, the research proposes a third strategy: the KREBS cycle of creativity defined by Oxman is a conceptual map capable of describing knowledge transfers across the four modalities of human creativity (i.e., science, engineering, design, and art). Providing sufficient “creative energy” in a co-creation process would guarantee the successful production of knowledge. Thus, the research seeks to illuminate different co-creation strategies to promote “creative energy” in the design of the Cyborg Garden (CG) in Madrid, giving a novel application to Oxman’s methodological framework based on the Carayannis’s and Manzini’s models.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Landarrow_drop_down
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    Other literature type . Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    Article . 2023
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      Other literature type . Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      Article . 2023
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Mylonas, Georgios; Hofstaetter, Joerg; Giannakos, Michail; Friedl, Andreas; +1 Authors

    With the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals and national commitments requiring effective implementation of evidence-based innovations, we are witnessing a growing number of related interventions in educational environments based on digitalization and gamification. In particular, serious games and playful activities are being used to empower children’s awareness and reflection on issues related to climate change and sustainability. In this work, we discuss such approaches through the lens of our own experience with an intervention targeting school environments. Our study is based on a playful web application that focuses on sustainability awareness and energy-related aspects, the GAIA Challenge, which was used in over 25 schools in 3 countries, resulting in 3762 registered users. We present a longitudinal study on the use of GAIA Challenge focusing on children’s engagement, rate of completion of the content on offer, and overall reaction by the school communities involved in large-scale trials, complemented with insights from surveys answered by 723 students and 32 educators. Our results showed that up to 20% of the children completed all content available in the Challenge, when gameplay sessions were combined with strong community competition activities. The children also reported increased awareness of related sustainability issues. Our findings demonstrate that a simple playful experience can yield good results within educational environments, by taking into consideration typical school constraints, integrating it to the daily activities of schools and placing it within their strategy.

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    International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    NTNU Open
    Article . 2023
    Data sources: NTNU Open
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ International Journa...arrow_drop_down
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      International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      NTNU Open
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Alaia Morell; Yunne-Jai Shin; Nicolas Barrier; Morgane Travers-Trolet; +1 Authors

    ABSTRACTIn the last decade, marine ecosystem models have been increasingly used to project interspecific biodiversity under various global change and management scenarios, considering ecological dynamics only. However, fish populations may also adapt to climate and fishing pressures, via evolutionary changes, leading to modifications in their life-history that could either mitigate or worsen, or even make irreversible, the impacts of these pressures. Building on the multispecies individual-based model Bioen-OSMOSE, an eco-evolutionary fish community model, Ev-Osmose, has been developed to account for evolutionary dynamics together with physiological and ecological dynamics in fish diversity projections. A gametic inheritance module describing the individuals’ genetic structure has been implemented. The genetic structure is defined by finite numbers of loci and alleles per locus that determine the genetic variability of growth, maturation and reproductive effort. Climate change and fishing activities will generate selection pressures on fish life-history traits that will respond through microevolution. This paper is an overview of the Ev-OSMOSE model. To illustrate the ability of the Ev-OSMOSE model to represent realistic fish community dynamics, genotypic and phenotypic traits’ mean and variance and consistent evolutionary patterns, we applied the model to the North Sea ecosystem. The simulated outputs are confronted to observed data of commercial catch, maturity ogives and length at age and to estimates of biomass for each modeled species. In addition to the evaluation of their mean value, the emerging traits’ variability is confronted to length-at-age and maturity data. To ensure the consistency of genetic inheritance and the resulting evolutionary patterns, we assessed the transmission of traits’ genotypic value across cohorts. Overall, the state of the modelled ecosystem was convincing at all these different biological levels. These results open perspectives for using Ev-OSMOSE in different marine regions to project the eco-evolutionary impact of various global change and management scenarios on different biological levels.

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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ ArchiMer - Instituti...arrow_drop_down
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Alaia Morell; Yunne-Jai Shin; Nicolas Barrier; Morgane Travers-Trolet; +2 Authors

    1 - Marine ecosystem models have been used to project the impacts of climate-induced changes in temperature and oxygen on biodiversity mainly through changes in species spatial distributions and primary production. However, fish populations may also respond to climatic pressures via physiological changes, leading to modifications in their life history that could either mitigate or worsen the consequences of climate change.2- Building on the individual-based multispecies ecosystem model OSMOSE, Bioen-OSMOSE has been developed to account for high trophic levels’ physiological responses to temperature and oxygen in future climate projections. This paper presents an overview of the Bioen-OSMOSE model, mainly detailing the new developments. These consist in the implementation of a bioenergetic sub-model that mechanistically describes somatic growth, sexual maturation and reproduction as they emerge from the energy fluxes sustained by food intake under the hypotheses of a biphasic growth model and plastic maturation age and size represented by a maturation reaction norm. These fluxes depend on temperature and oxygen concentration, thus allowing plastic physiological responses to climate change.3 - To illustrate the capabilities of Bioen-OSMOSE to represent realistic ecosystem dynamics, the model is applied to the North Sea ecosystem. The model outputs are confronted with population biomass, catch, maturity ogive, mean size-at-age and diet data of each species of the fish community. The model succeeds in reproducing observations, with good performances for all indicators. A first exploration of current spatial variability in species’ bioenergetic fluxes resulting from temperature, oxygen, and food availability is presented in this paper, highlighting the role of temperature.4 - This new model development opens the scope for new fields of research such as the exploration of seasonal or spatial variation in life history in response to biotic and abiotic factors at the individual, population and community levels. Understanding such variability is crucial to improve our knowledge on potential climate change impacts on marine ecosystems and to make more reliable projections under climate change scenarios. International audience

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    Progress In Oceanography
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Progress In Oceanogr...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Progress In Oceanography
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Meissner, Katharina L.; Crum, Ben;

    More than a decade has passed since the Lisbon Treaty explicated two channels of democratic representation in the European Union (EU): one directly through the European Parliament (EP) and one indirectly through national parliaments. This review article uses a wave of recent case studies to analyse how relations between national parliaments and the EP have evolved in practice in the post-Lisbon period. We develop a conceptual framework of the organisation of inter-parliamentary relations that sets them between patterns of intensive, coordinated action and areas of competition among the involved parliaments. We use the recent case studies to identify the dynamics in different EU policy fields and to assess some first expectations about the factors that drive the variation between them

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